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<h1>About the Manual</h1>

<p>Most of the manual has been produced whilst running the Taxonomic Editor on Microsoft Vista and Windows 7. If you have a different operating system your screen may have a slightly different appearance to the screen shots in the manual, however the actual work flows should not be affected. Where the work flows may differ these have been detailed separately, however, the manual has not yet been completed for use on Apple Mac systems.</p>

<p>This version of the manual for the Taxonomic Editor has been designed to provide an overview of the design philosophies and capabilities of the Taxonomic Editor. It is not intended to be exhaustive, but will allow you to make a basic taxonomic treatment.</p>

<p>Within the work flow descriptions that follow the symbol (>) indicates a progression from one step in a work flow to the next. Screen shots relate to the steps in the work flow given above the screen shot, not below. Red arrows given in screen shots from one window/menu/box to another indicates that the second will appear after carrying out the action in the first.</p>

<h3>Activating Taxon Records in the Taxon Name Panel</h3>

<p>Any taxon listed in the Taxon Navigator panel can be opened in the Taxon Name panel by double-clicking it in the Taxon Navigator panel. This is the equivalent of opening a word processing file within the database. The taxon record will be opened in the Taxon Name panel headed by a tab titled with the taxon name:</p>

<p>

	Double-click here    and the taxon opens here      in a new tab<br />

	<img src="" alt="" />

</p>

<h3>Adding New Options to Drop-Down Menus</h3>

<p>For some data fields in a Taxonomic Database there are so many possible options that it is impractical to add all of them by default. Therefore there may be occasions where you wish to be able to apply a value to a data field but do not have an option to do so within the drop-down list for that data field, or there is no data field to accommodate the information you wish to enter.</p>

<p>To allow for this, some fields allow for new options to be added:</p>

<ul>

	<li><strong>Description:</strong> You can add a new data field to the Descriptive panel.</li>

	<li><strong>Features:</strong> the features you would like to include in your taxon descriptions, for example “common name”, “distribution” and “ecology”.</li>

	<li><strong>Named Area Type:</strong> you can add a new data option to the Named Area Type field drop down box found in the Details sheet.</li>

	<li><strong>Extension Types:</strong> You can add a new data option to the Extension Type field drop-down box found in the Supplemental Data panel.</li>

	<li><strong>Marker Types:</strong> You can add a new data option to the Marker Type field drop-down box found in the Supplemental Data panel.</li>

</ul>

<p>The procedure is the same for all fields:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Open the <strong>Preferences</strong> pop-up box (<strong>Toolbar > Window</strong> menu > <strong>Preferences</strong> option).</li>

	<li>Navigate to the element you wish to change by expanding the <strong>Taxonomic Editor > Description</strong>  menu found in the Taxonomic Editor menu:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	<li>

	<li>Click on the data field you would like to add to from the menu on the left hand side of the pop-up. The existing options associated with the drop-down list for that data field will appear in the main panel of the pop-up box. The example shown below is adding a new feature or data field to the overall Description.</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>New</strong> button.</li>

	<li>Give the new data field a Label, an abbreviation if desired and a description if desired. Only the data label is mandatory.</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Finish</strong> button.</li>

</ol>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>Your new data option will be added to the drop-down box for the selected data field in the Properties Sheet.</p>

<p><strong>Please Note:</strong> The <strong>Remove</strong> option is not yet functional in this version of the Editor.</p>

<h2>Adding Taxa to your Taxonomic Tree the quick way</h2>

<p>Once you have created your first Classification, you can add taxa to

	build up your database according to your taxonomic treatment. You add

	taxa to your classification by creating a new taxon linked to both the

	classification and a parent taxon if appropriate. The following

	description is the quickest way to add a new taxon to your tree:</p>

<p>Point the mouse arrow at the Classification or the intended parent

	taxon of your new taxon. As you hover over the entries in the Taxon

	Navigator panel they will become highlighted and a hand icon will

	appear.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click the right mouse button; a drop-down menu will appear.</li>

	<li>

		Point the mouse at the

		<strong>New </strong>

		option; a drop-down menu will appear.

	</li>

	<li>

		Click

		<strong>Taxon</strong>

		:

		<p>

			<img src="" alt="" />

		</p>

	</li>

	<li>Enter the name of the taxon, including authorship if you wish.</li>

	<li>

		Click the

		<strong>Finish</strong>

		button or press the

		<strong>Return</strong>

		button on the keyboard:

	</li>

</ol>

<p>

	<img src="" alt="" />

	The new taxon record will appear in the Taxon Navigator panel and is

	saved automatically:

</p>

<p>

	You can continue to add new taxa to any node in the classification in

	this way in order to build up your taxonomic treatment. To create and

	manage synonyms and other relationships, see

	<a href="">Managing Taxonomic Relationships</a>.

	.

</p>

<p>

	If you want to open the taxon record to view the parsing status of the

	information you have input (see

	<a href="">Parsing Status Feedback</a>

	) or add to or edit the record (see the following section), simply

	double-click the taxon name in the

	<strong>Taxon Navigator</strong>

	panel.

</p>

<h2>Adding Taxa to your Classification using the General > New menu</h2>

<p>As well as the above method, you can also access the New Taxon Node

	box via the <strong>General > New</strong> menu on the toolbar. However, using this

	method you may need to manually input the classification and the Parent

	Taxon (if any) of the taxon that you are inputting. If a classification

	is highlighted in the Taxon Navigator panel this is automatically

	selected as the classification.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click on the <strong>General</strong> menu in the toolbar > <strong>New > Taxon</strong>:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>The New Taxon pop-up box will open.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Browse</strong> button to the right of the Classification field:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>The “Choose a classification” pop-up box will open.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Enter a search term for the name of the Classification, for example

		the first letter of the name. As you type, matching taxonomic trees

		will be shown in the “Matching items” field below:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the name of the desired classification from the list in the

		“Matching items” field.

	</li>

	<li>Click <strong>OK</strong>; the pop-up box will close and the name of the

		Classification will be shown in the Classification field:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>If appropriate, you can now choose a parent to attach the new taxon to

		in the exact same way:</p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Browse</strong> button to the right of the Parent field:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>The “Select parent taxon” pop-up box will open.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Select classification from drop down at the bottom of the box.

	</li>

	<li>Enter a search term for the name of the parent taxon, for example the

		first letter of the name. As you type, matching taxa from your

		selected Taxonomic Tree will be shown in the “Matching items” field

		below:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the name of the desired parent taxon from the list in the

		“Matching items” field.

	</li>

	<li>Click <strong>OK</strong>; the pop-up box will close and the name of the parent taxon

		will be shown in the Parent field:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click in the <strong>New Taxon</strong> field.

	</li>

	<li>Enter the name of the taxon, including authorship if you wish.

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Finish</strong> button or press the <strong>Return</strong> button on the keyboard:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol>

<p>The new taxon record will appear in the <strong>Taxon Navigator</strong> panel and is

	saved automatically:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>You can continue new taxa to any node in the classification in this

	way in order to build up your taxonomic treatment. To create and manage

	synonyms and other relationships, see <a href="">Managing Taxonomic Relationships</a>.</p>

<p>If you want to open the taxon record to view the parsing status of

	the information you have input (see <a href="">Parsing Status Feedback</a>)

	or add to or edit the record (see the <a href="">following section</a>), simply

	double-click the taxon name in the Taxon Navigator panel.</p>

<h3>Changing Panel Sizes</h3>

<p>Each individual panel on the Taxonomic Editor can be resized using the mouse; as you point the mouse arrow on the join between two panels a double-headed arrow will appear. Simply press and hold the left mouse button and move the mouse until the panel is in the desired position and release the left mouse button.</p>

<p>The entire Taxonomic Editor can also be resized in this way. It also has the standard minimise, maximise and exit buttons at the top right of the window.</p>

<h3>Closing Taxon Records</h3>

<p>You can close the activated taxon record by clicking on the Exit icon at the right of the tab:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>If you want to close a taxon record for which the tab for the record is visible, click on the tab to activate the record and click the Exit icon as shown above.</p>

<p>When you have multiple taxon records open, you can close a taxon record that is not being displayed without first having to navigate to it:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Point the mouse arrow at the double-arrow icon at the top of the Taxon Name panel; a drop-down menu will appear.</li>

	<li>Point the mouse arrow at the taxon in the drop-down list that you want to close.</li>

	<li>Click the mouse so the taxon is highlighted.</li>

	<li>Click the right-mouse button; the Close menu will appear.</li>

	<li>Click Close.<br/>

		The taxon record will close and the taxon name will disappear from the list.</li>

</ol>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<h2>Connecting to a Different Datasources</h2>

<p>

The open Datasource is indicated by an open folder icon in the Datasource panel:

</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>To open a different Datasource .</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click the right mouse button with the cursor pointing to the Datasource you wish to select.</li>

	<li>Click <strong>Connect</strong>.

  	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

 	The "Confirm Datasource Change" pop-up box will open.

 	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

 	</li>

	<li>Click <strong>OK</strong>.

 	The Taxonomic Editor will restart with the selected Datasource open.

 	<p>If you are opening a Datasource with a Nomenclatural Code that is different to the preferred Nomenclatural Code that you selected when installing the Taxonomic Editor, you will receive a warning:

 	</p>

 	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

</li>

	<li>Click <strong>OK</strong>; the warning will close and the Nomenclatural Code will be changed to match that of the Datasource.</li>

</ol>

<h2>Creating a Desktop Shortcut (Windows only)</h2>

<p>It is recommended that you create a desktop shortcut to the file location of the TaxonomicEditor.exe file as soon as you have downloaded and installed the Taxonomic Editor. You will then be able to open the Taxonomic Editor using the shortcut instead of having to navigate to the .exe file location. These instructions apply only to Windows systems.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Locate and open the extracted Taxonomic Editor folder in the destination in which you chose to extract the folder (if you selected the “Show extracted files when complete” option when extracting the folder it will automatically open).</li>

	<li>Right-click the <strong>TaxonomicEditor.exe</strong> file; a drop-down menu will appear.</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Send To</strong> option.</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Desktop (create shortcut)</strong> option.</li>

</ol>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>This will create a shortcut on your desktop that will automatically open the Taxonomic Editor:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>You can double-click this icon to open the Taxonomic Editor.</p>

<h2>Creating a New Taxonomic Classification with Reference Details</h2>

<p>When using the Taxonomic Editor for the first time, you will need to

	create a new Classification. This will create a root within the

	Classification panel to which all following taxa records will be

	anchored. You can create a new Classification via the <strong>General</strong> menu:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click the <strong>General</strong> menu in the <strong>Toolbar</strong> > move the mouse to the <strong>New</strong>

		option; a drop-down menu will appear > Click the <strong>Classification</strong> option:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>Alternatively, you can access the New > Classification menu by clicking the right

		mouse button with the mouse arrow pointing within the Taxon Navigator

		panel.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Enter a label for the Classification. This could be the name of a

		project or publication, for example:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>You may enter reference details if you wish:</p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Browse</strong> button to the right of the Reference field:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		`

		<p>A new pop-up box entitled <strong>"Choose a reference"</strong> will appear. The cursor

		will appear in the search box by default. You can search here for a

		reference that you already have within your database:</p>

	</li>

	<li>Type in the title of the reference; as you type, matching references

		from within your database will be filtered and shown in the </strong>“Matching

		items”</strong> box beneath the search box:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>If you are creating a new database or do not have the required reference

		already input, you can choose to create a new reference by clicking

		the text at the bottom of the “Choose a reference” box:</p>

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The </strong>“Create reference”</strong> pop-up box will appear:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>Choose a reference type from the drop-down menu:</p>

	</li>

	<li>Click on the arrow to the right of the Reference Type field; a

		drop-down list will appear:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Scroll down the list; there are several methods for doing this:

		<ul>

			<li>Use the mouse wheel if you have one;</li>

			<li>Click and drag the position icon at the right hand side of the rop-down list;</li>

			<li>Click the up and down arrows at the right hand side of the drop-down

		list.</li>

		</ul>

	</li>

	<li>Click the desired reference type; the drop-down list will close.

		<p>Alternatively to 6 and 7 above, type the first letter of the reference

		type you wish to select whilst the reference type field is

		highlighted. Matching options will be shown each time you press the

		initial letter. Continue until the desired option is shown in the

		reference type field.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Enter the title of the reference in the title field.</li>

	<li>To enter Author details click on browse existing.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The <strong>“choose team”</strong> pop up box will appear. The cursor will appear in

		the search box by default. You can search for an author or team of

		authors that you already have within your database:

	</li>

	<li>Type in the name of the Author; as you type, matching authors from

		within your database will be filtered down and shown in the <strong>“matching

		items”</strong> box beneath the search box.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>If you are creating a new database or do not have the required author

		already input, you can choose to create a new author by clicking on

		the text at the bottom of the <strong>“Choose Team”</strong> box.</p>

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The “New Entity” pop-up box will appear

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click on the + sign to add team member. A” person” field will then

		appear.

	</li>

	<li>Click on the edit button

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>A ‘new entity’ free text box will pop-up. To enter a person (author)

		click on the edit button. The fields will become white and can now be

		edited.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Enter author name and click on edit.

	</li>

	<li>Click finish.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The name will then automatically appear in the Choose a person pop-up

		box.

	</li>

	<li>Select OK.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click finish on new entity pop-up box. Or if there are multiple

		authors repeat steps 14 to 21 to add additional people.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click OK in Choose Team pop-up box

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The author will now appear in the reference box.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Complete the rest of the free text boxes. Depending on the reference

		type there may be other fields which need to be filled from the

		database. The process will be the same as outlined above.

	</li>

	<li>Select Finish.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Select OK in “Choose a Reference” pop-up box.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click finish in New Classification pop-up

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>The name of your new Classification will appear in the Taxon

		Navigator panel:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol>

<p>It is possible to have more than one Classification in your database.

	Simply create a new Classification using the method above. The

	classification will be listed in the Taxon Navigator panel

	simultaneously. Also note that the classification names are displayed

	in a lighter colour than the actual taxa names. You can use the arrows

	to the left of the taxonomic tree labels and the taxon nodes to show or

	hide the child taxon/taxa that are attached to that tree or taxon:</p>

<h1>Creating and Building your Database</h1>

<p>This section tells you how to:</p>

<ul>

	<li>Understand the hierarchical system of a Taxonomic Editor database.</li>

	<li>Create and build a new taxonomic treatment database by creating taxonomic trees and adding child taxa.</li>

</ul>

<h2>Creating Multiple Datasources</h2>

<p>Multiple Datasources can be used to create separate databases or datasets within the Taxonomic Editor. You may want to create a separate datasource for different users or for different taxonomic treatments, allowing you to keep the information separate.</p>

<p>With the Taxonomic Editor installed and open on the machine:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Ensure that the <strong>Datasource</strong> panel is shown:

 		<p>

			Window > Show View > Datasource

		</p>

 	 	<p><img src="" alt="" />

		The Datasource panel will open at the bottom of the Taxonomic Editor window.</p>

 	</li>

	<li>Press the right-click of the mouse with the cursor pointing within the Datasource panel; a drop-down menu will appear.</li>

	<li>Click <strong>New</strong>: 

The <strong>"Create New Datasource"</strong> panel will appear.

 	</li>

	<li>Enter a name for the Datasource in the Datasource Name field:</li>

	<li>Click the arrow icon to the right of the <strong>Database Type field</strong>; a drop-down menu will appear.</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>"H2 Database"</strong> option.

		 <p><img src="" alt="" />

		 	The drop-down menu will close.

		 </p>

	</li>

	<li>

		Click Next.

 		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		The <strong>"Enter credentials for embedded H2 database"</strong> pop-up box will open.

 	</li>

	<li>Enter a Database name (for example the name of a user or a taxonomic group).</li>

	<li>Select <strong>ICBN</strong> or <strong>ICZN</strong> as appropriate.</li>

	<li>Click <strong>Finish</strong>.</li>

</ol>

<p><strong>Please Note:</strong> There is no need to input a user name or password. Although you can create a user name and password if you wish, the enforcement of this function is not yet operational, therefore a user will be able to edit any datasource without using the username and password.</p>

<p>The new Datasource will appear in the Datasource panel:<img src="" alt="" /></p> 

<p>The process to create new datasources can be repeated as many times as desired.</p>

<h1>Customising the Taxonomic Editor</h1>

<p>This section tells you how to customise the Taxonomic Editor to suit your own needs. You can:</p>

<ul>

	<li>Pick and choose which options will appear in drop-down menus</li>

	<li>Create new options/data fields for several parts of the database such as taxon descriptions</li>

	<li>Choose which panels of the Taxonomic Editor are displayed, where they appear in the editor and the size of each panel.</li>

	<li>and lots more...</li>

</ul>

<h3>Customising Views of the Taxonomic Editor</h3>

<p>If you have been used to earlier versions of the editor you will find the degree of control you have over the layout of the editor has increased significantly. In earlier versions of the editor tabs were fixed within a data entry panel and each panel was fixed in one of the three columns of the editor.  It is now possible to position any panel within any of the 3 columns, place any tab within any panel and create new panels simply by dragging a dropping elements of the interface.</p>

<h4>Perspectives</h4>

<p>Before describing how to go about rearranging elements of the interface it is necessary to explain the concept of perspectives. There are three perspectives available in the interface: Taxonomic, Bulk editor and Polytomous Key. The changes you make to the layout of the editor will apply only to the currently active perspective. This will eventually allow you to create three independent arrangements of the editor which best suit your work flow within each perspective.</p>

<p>N.B. The Polytomous Key function is not available in this version of the Editor.</p>

<p>By default the taxonomic perspective is loaded however after first use of the editor the last used perspective will be displayed when the editor is restarted.</p>

<p>To open a perspective</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click on the “open perspective button”</li>

	<li>Select other.  A list of available perspectives will be displayed in the “open perspective” pop-up. Select a perspective and it will open in the editor.</li>

</ol>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>After a new perspective has been opened the last perspective viewed will remain open but will be hidden and replaced by the new perspective. A new button will be added to the perspectives tab allowing you to quickly switch between perspectives.</p>

<p>After a new button has been added to the perspective tabs you may find that there is insufficient room to display all the buttons in which case the perspective tabs will display a double headed arrow on the right hand side as shown below.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>To reveal the hidden buttons you can either click on the double headed arrow, the results of which are shown below</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>Or you can hover the mouse over the left hand edge of the tab until the cursor changes to a double headed arrow as shown below.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>                                                    

<p>When the cursor changes in this way left click the mouse and drag the edge of the tab to the left to enlarge it. Release the mouse button when you are happy with the size of the tab. The following screen shot shows the editor with the perspective tab enlarge sufficiently to display all three open perspective buttons and with the taxonomic perspective currently active.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>The screen shots below show the effect of changing between a taxonomic and bulk editing frame work.</p>

<p>Default Taxonomic Perspective<img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>Bulk Editing Perspective<img src="" alt="" /></p>

<h4>Moving panels</h4>

<p>N.B. before moving a panel make sure that you have the correct perspective open.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Left click on the grey area of the top tab of a panel and keep holding the mouse button down, a grey box will appear around the panel.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Drag panel to new location. The grey box shows where the panel will be moved to. It is best to experiment with moving panels around the interface in order to get the hang of this behaviour. In the examples below the details panel is moved in front of the descriptive panel, to form a new column alongside the taxon name tabs and beneath the descriptive panel.

		<p>Details panel is moved to to create a new alongside the Descriptive panel.

			The file icon (<img src="" alt="" />) shows that the details panel will be stacked behind any panels which are located here already.

		<img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>

			Details panel is moved to form a new column alongside the Taxon Name panel. NB this will now need to be resized to display the text.

The black arrow icon (<img src="" alt="" />) shows that the details panel will form a new column rather than stacking behind the existing panels in the space.

		<img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>

			Details panel is moved to form a new column alongside the Taxon Name 

		<img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol> 

<p>Panels can also be detached from the workspace. This can be done in two ways.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Drag the grey outline of the panel  out of the workspace the release the button</li>

	<li>Right click on the tab at the top of the panel and select detached form the drop down menu.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol>

<p>To reattach the panel again right click in heading tab and unselect detached tick box.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<h2>Downloading and Installing Updates</h2>

<p>Periodic updates of the Taxonomic Editor may be released. These can be usually be accessed via the Help menu of the Taxonomic Editor, however this feature is not available in this version of the Editor. Therefore to install updates you should remove your current version of the Editor as described in section Removing the Taxonomic Editor on page 13 and reinstall as described in section 2.1 to 2.6</p>

<h2>Downloading the Taxonomic Editor</h2>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor, as well as other EDIT Cyberplatform components, can be downloaded via the Cybergate at <a href="http://dev.e-taxonomy.eu/platform/">http://dev.e-taxonomy.eu/platform/</a>. There are no additional system features required for the Taxonomic Editor to work.</p>

	<ol>

		<li>Click EDIT Desktop Taxonomic Editor within the Cybergate. A description of the Taxonomic Editor and further options will appear to the right of the Cybergate.

	</li>

	<li>Click Download in the section on the right. 

 		<p>

 			<img src="../img/cybergate.jpg" alt="Platform Cybergate" />

 		</p>

		<p>You will be taken to the Taxonomic Editor Download Site.</p>

 		<p>Alternatively, you can access the download site directly by entering <a href="http://wp5.e-taxonomy.eu/downlaod/taxeditor">http://wp5.e-taxonomy.eu/downlaod/taxeditor</a> into the address bar of your browser.</p>

  	</li>

	<li>Click on the download link and then navigate to the latest version of the Taxonomic Editor 

 		<p>The following steps will differ slightly depending on whether you are using Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer and the operating system you are using. If you are using Mozilla Firefox on Vista, you will be taken straight to the “Save As” details pop-up box; go to Step 5. If you are using Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox on an older operating system such as Windows XP, you will see a pop-up box the same as or similar to the ones shown below; go to step 4.</p>

 	</li>

	<li>Click the Save button or choose the Save option. Click the OK button if necessary. The “Save As” details pop-up box will open; go to step 5.

 	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

  	Mozilla Firefox and Vista/Windows XP                           

  	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

  	Internet Explorer and Vista/Windows XP

 	</li>

	<li>Choose a destination for the folder containing the Taxonomic Editor (Tip! You may have to click a Browse Folders button as shown below in order to access your computer’s directory). Make a note of the destination.</li>

	<li>Enter a file name or use the default file name. Make a note of the file name.</li>

	<li>"Save as type" should be Compressed (Zipped) Folder.

	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	<p>"Save As" details box: choose a location and name for the folder (choose a new name or keep the default) and Save.</p>

	<p><strong>Tip!</strong> If you are using Mozilla Firefox and you do not see a pop-up box as shown above, your internet options may not be set up to ask for confirmation on where to save files that you download. The folder will automatically be saved to your desktop. If you wish to change this setting, see the Troubleshooting instructions at the end of this section.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Save</strong> button; a download progress bar will appear. The download may take a few minutes.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>You now have to extract the contents of the compressed folder; the exact method will depend on whether you are using Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer (see Extracting the Contents of the Compressed Folder (Internet Explorer) or Extracting the Contents of the Compressed Folder (Mozilla Firefox) below).</p>

 	</li>

</ol>

<h3>Troubleshooting: Mozilla Firefox Settings</h3>

<p>If your internet settings are set up to not ask you for confirmation as to where to save files and folders that you are downloading, they will automatically be saved to your desktop. If you want to change this setting open the <strong>Mozilla Firefox</strong> start page > click on the <strong>Tools</strong> menu on the toolbar at the top of the screen > click on Options. A new pop-up box will open. Click in the box to the right of the text <strong>"Always ask me where to save files"</strong> and click OK:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<h3>Editing Options of Drop-Down Menus</h3>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor gives you the option to edit existing options of some drop-down boxes, as well as selecting/deselecting and the creation of new options as described in the above sections. Editing options allows you to change the name of the feature, abbreviation, and to add a description. This may be useful if your datasets has several users and you wish to provide information so that the data fields are used in a standardised way.</p>

<p>Options found in the following menus can be edited:</p>

<ul>

	<li><strong>Preferences > Description > Features</strong> for example "common name", "distribution" and "ecology"</li>

	<li><strong>Preferences > Taxonomic  > Extension Types</strong></li>

</ul>

<p>An example of how to edit a Feature of the Description menu is given below. For more information on the Descriptive element of the Taxonomic Editor see section about <a href="">Adding Descriptive Data to Taxon</a>.</p>

<ol>

	<li>Open the <strong>Preferences</strong> pop-up box (<strong>Toolbar > Window</strong> menu > <strong>Preferences</strong> option).</li>

	<li>Navigate to the element you wish to change by expanding the <strong>Description</strong> or <strong>Taxonomic</strong> menus found in the Taxonomic Editor menu:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click on the data field you would like to edit so that it is highlighted. The example shown below is editing the <strong>Conservation</strong> feature.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Edit</strong> button:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

 		<p>The "Edit Feature" pop-up box will open.</p>

 	</li>

	<li>Edit the feature as desired. An example is given below:

		<p>Original Feature details<img src="" alt="" /></p>

  		<p>Edited Feature details<img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Finish</strong> button:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol>

<p>If you have edited the name of the Feature this will be immediately visible in the Features list:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<h1>Editing your Taxa</h1>

<p>This section tells you how to:</p>

<ul>

	<li>Check the parsing status of your taxon records.</li>

	<li>Deal with parsing problems by editing basic fields in the Properties Sheet.</li>

	<li>Delete a taxon from your taxonomic treatment.</li>

	<li>Understand the bulk editor and how to use it to merge duplicate entries.</li>

	<li>Save you work. </li>

</ul>

<h2>Enabling Unicode Characters</h2>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor uses the operating system's default font to display all the fields that store specimen data. On a Macintosh, the system font is Unicode-compliant, so there is no problem displaying specimen data that includes symbols such as ♀ and ♂. On some, mainly older Windows systems, this is unfortunately not the case. To ensure that all data will be visible on your system, you may need to install a Unicode-compliant font on your Window’s system. If you are experiencing this problem it can be resolved quite easily:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Right-click on your Desktop.</li>

	<li>Click Properties in the drop-down menu > Click the Appearance tab > Click the Advanced option. A new pop-up box will open.</li>

	<li>Click the “Item” drop-down menu and select Message Box.</li>

	<li>Click the “Font” drop-down menu and select Arial Unicode MS.

		<p>The Unicode characters should now appear in the Taxonomic Editor.</p>

 		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>If the Arial Unicode MS font is not shown as an option in the Font drop-down menu, and you are using Microsoft Office 2000 or later, you can obtain the font from your Microsoft Office CD:</p>

	</li>

	<li>Insert the Office CD, and do a Custom Install.</li>

	<li>Choose Add or Remove Features.</li>

	<li>Click the (+) next to Office Tools > International Support > the Universal Font icon > Arial Unicode MS font.	</li>

	<li>Follow the instructions 1-2 above.</li>

</ol>

<h2>Extracting the Contents of the Compressed Folder (Mozilla Firefox)</h2>

<p>If you have downloaded the Taxonomic Editor using Mozilla Firefox, when the download is complete a pop-up box will open to inform you, as shown below.</p>

	<ol>

		<li>Open the folder by double-clicking it in the pop-up box:

 			<p>Alternatively, locate the folder in the destination in which you chose to save it, and double-click the .zip folder.</p>

 		</li>

 		<li>Click the <strong>Extract All Files</strong> button:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

 		<p>A new pop-up box will open for you to choose the destination where the extracted folder will be placed. The default destination will be the location of the compressed folder; if you wish the extracted folder to be in the same place as the compressed folder there is no need to change the destination.</p>

		</li>

 		<li>Select the folder destination using the Browse button or leave the default destination.

		</li>

 		<li>Ensure “Show extracted files when complete” is selected, and click the <strong>Extract</strong> button.

			<p>

				<img src="" alt="" />

 				The contents of the compressed folder will be extracted; this may take a few minutes.

 			</p>

		</li>

	</ol>

<p>You should now create a desktop shortcut for the Taxonomic Editor (see Creating a Desktop Shortcut (Windows only)</p>

<h2>Extracting the Contents of the Compressed Folder (Internet Explorer)</h2>

<ol>

	<li>Locate the compressed Taxonomic Editor folder in the destination in which you saved it.</li>

	<li>Right-click the folder.

	</li>

	<li>Click the <strong>Extract Files</strong> option.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

		<p>A new pop-up box will open for you to choose the destination where the extracted folder will be placed. The default destination will be the location of the compressed folder; if you wish the extracted folder to be in the same place as the compressed folder there is no need to change the destination.</p>

	</li>

	<li>Select the destination and click the <strong>OK</strong> button. The folder will be extracted; this may take a few minutes.

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

</ol>

<p>You should now create a Desktop shortcut for the Taxonomic Editor (see Creating a Desktop Shortcut (Windows only)</p> 

<h2>General Behaviours and Navigation</h2>

<h1>Getting to Know the Taxonomic Editor</h1>

<p>This section will teach you about:</p>

<ul>

	<li>The different parts or panles of the Taxonomic Editor</li>

	<li>The menus; their contents and functions</li>

	<li>Standard commands and functions</li>

</ul>

<h1>Introduction to the Taxonomic Editor</h1>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor has been developed as part of the EDIT Cyberplatform for Taxonomy; a collection of tools and services which together cover all aspects of the taxonomic workflow. EDIT is a collection of 28 leading European, North American and Russian institutions formed in the response to a call of the European Commission, issued in 2004, for a "network in Taxonomy for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research".</p>

<p>Development of the Taxonomic Editor is part of EDIT Work Package 5: Internet Platform for Cybertaxonomy: Tools, Sharing, Networking and Integration. The tools are all open access, free, do not require licenses, and are downloadable from the EDIT website. Data stored in the Taxonomic Editor will be linked to other applications of the Cyberplatform via the Common Data Model (CDM) Library, where the data is stored. So, for example, your Taxonomic Editor dataset can be easily published online using the EDIT DataPortal application that can extract your data from the CDM. No data transformation is required by you. The Editor also supports importing and exporting to and from  a range of databases , taxonomic community data formats and import from Excel.</p>

<p>The goal of the Taxonomic Editor is to provide a next-generation tool that moves beyond the form-based data entry of web-based tools like the Berlin Model Web Editor. It has been designed with specific philosophies giving the user:</p>

<ol>

	<li><strong>All the benefits of a database without rigid data entry rules.</strong>

		<p>A unique feature of the Taxonomic Editor is its parsing capability. Parsing is the action of recognising distinct elements within a string. This means that data can be entered as 'free' or unstructured text, and as you type the parser separates each element of the text string and puts them into the correct data fields within the database. This makes data entry easy, but also enables manipulation of data as in a standard database.</p>

		<p>The core workflow involves:

			<ul>

				<li>Entering data as a normal text string in a taxonomic style.</li>

				<li>The data is parsed as it is entered.</li>

				<li>Reviewing whether the data has been parsed correctly and editing if necessary.</li>

			</ul>

		</p>

 	</li>

	<li><strong>Ability to enter data in the format required by the user.</strong>

 		<p>A second defining feature of the Editor is that it has been designed to minimise system intervention so as not to hinder the work flow. Rather than enforcing data integrity upon input, warnings are given when any rules have been broken. When the mouse hovers over data that has been marked as problematic, the problem will be explained, along with possible corrections, however the software will not force you to change your data.</p>

 	</li>

	<li><strong>Useability and customisation options.</strong>

 		<p>The Editor has been designed to feel intuitive keeping the number of new movements or gestures you must learn to a minimum. Also, the Taxonomic Editor allows for individual customisation of the fields within the data entry sheet to facilitate an efficient data entry process. For example, you can choose which taxonomic relationships and rank types are given as options, and for some data fields you can create your own options. There are also separate configurations for users using the Botanical and Zoological Codes of Nomenclature.

 		<p>You will notice that not all of the features of the Taxonomic Editor are yet functional; development of the application and the manual are still ongoing. Version  4 of the Taxonomic Editor will be released in 2011; smaller updates will be made available on the EDIT WP5 website.</p>

 	</li>

 	<li><strong>Bulk Editing</strong>

 		<p>The Taxonomic Editor has a bulk editing facility that allows you to edit several records at one time. This will be useful, for example, if the name of a genus has changed as well as all the species records associated with that genus. This saves time and improves data consistency and integrity. The bulk editor can also be used to merge duplicate records that may be found in large datasets after import, for example.</p>

 	</li>

</ol>

<h2>Logging In</h2>

<p>Every time you open the Taxonomic Editor a log-in pop-up box will open. It allows changes to be tracked if there will be multiple users of the underlying CDM data store and you need to track changes. There are currently no authorization mechanisms in place and the login is therefore solely for authentication. Each user can log in under their own account.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p><strong>Tip!</strong> A CDM datasource will have a user named admin with password '00000', so you can login immediately. The default password should the be changed.</p>

<h3>Mouse and Keyboard Functions</h3>

<p>In all sections of the Editor except the toolbar clicking the <strong>right mouse button</strong> will open up a context menu containing a list of possible commands that can be performed on the data element the mouse is pointing at. When no commands are available right-click will have no effect.</p>

<p>Most of the commands written in the manual are based on the user using the mouse. However, it is also possible to use the keyboard for some functions. Notably, when pop-up boxes require confirmation by selecting ‘OK’ or ‘Finish’, the default setting will be on the OK/Finish button, therefore you can select OK/Finish by pressing Return on the keyboard as well as clicking the button with the mouse.</p>

<p>Keyboard arrows can be used to navigate around the Toolbar area to find menus and make selections. You must first click on one of the menus using the mouse, but can then use the arrows on the keyboard to navigate and the Return/Enter key to make your selection.</p>

<h3>Navigating between Panels</h3>

<p>To change the active panel of the Taxonomic Editor you must navigate between them using the mouse; clicking in a panel will activate it.</p>

<h3>Navigating between Taxon Records</h3>

<p>It is possible to open multiple taxon records so that there are several documents open in the <strong>Taxon Name</strong> panel. Each taxon will be opened as a new document; each document can be accessed by clicking on the appropriate tab at the top of the free text panel. A double-arrow icon will displayed at the top right of the panel when there are more taxa open than are currently visible; the number refers to the number of open taxon records.</p>

<p>The tabs of 2 taxon records are visible and there are 4 open taxon records that are not currently displayed

	<img src="" alt="" />

</p>

<p>In order to view more tabs of taxon records you can expand the width of the <strong>Taxon Name</strong> panel using the arrows that appear at the sides of the panel when you hover the mouse arrow over them (see <a href="">Panel Sizes</a>). Also, clicking on the double-arrow icon will reveal a list of all the open taxon records; those in <strong>bold</strong> are those for which the tabs are not current displayed:</p>

<p>

<img src="" alt="" />

Taxa with currently displayed tabs

Open taxa with tabs not currently displayed

</p>

<p>You can click on any of the taxon records in the drop-down list to activate that record in the <strong>Taxon Name</strong> panel.</p>

<h2>Note on terms and organisation within the Taxonomic Editor</h2>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor allows for the input of data in a hierarchical way. Databases within the Taxonomic Editor consist of Taxonomic classifications composed of linked child nodes representing the taxa in the classification:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>You can have several classifications within your database, with unlimited numbers of taxa in each one. Synonyms can be attached to taxa at any level in the classification.</p>

<h3>Opening and Closing Panels</h3>

<p>Each individual panel can be minimised/maximised using the icons at the top right of the panel, or closed using the ‘X’ icon on the tab bearing the name of each panel:</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>The panels can be reopened using the Show View menu (see <a href="">The Show View Menu</a>).</p>

<h2>Opening the Taxonomic Editor</h2>

<ol>

	<li>Double-click the Taxonomic Editor shortcut on your desktop (if you have not created a shortcut it is recommended that you do so).

 		<p>A security warning may open; this is a standard Windows security warning asking for confirmation that you trust the source of the application.</p>

 	</li> 

	<li>If you have received a Security Warning pop-up, deselect the option “Always ask before opening this file” – this will prevent this pop-up box from appearing every time you run the Taxonomic Editor.</li>

	<li>Click the Run button to continue opening the Taxonomic Editor.</li>

	<li>The Taxonomic Editor will load and open; this may take a minute or two the first time you open the Taxonomic Editor.</li>

	<li>The first time you run the Taxonomic Editor, you will be asked to choose a nomenclatural code. Select the code you wish to use and click the OK button.

	<p>

		<img src="" alt="" />

		A pop-up box will open confirming your choice of nomenclatural code.

	</p>

 </li>

</ol>

<p>You can change the nomenclatural code at any time in the “Preferences” (see The Preferences Menu).</p>

<h2>Parsing Status Feedback</h2>

<p>Parsing is the automatic separation of taxa data into its

	constituents parts, which is then stored separately in the database.

	Editing your taxa records may therefore involve checking and editing

	the parsing behaviour. The results of parsing your data will be

	displayed in the <strong>Details Sheet</strong>.</p>

<p>The Taxonomic Editor will display the parsing status of a record when

	it is open in the <strong>Taxon Name</strong> panel. If the taxon record you would like

	to check is not open, you can navigate and activate the record as

	described in <a href="">The Taxon Name Panel</a>.</p>

<p>The parsing status is shown in the form of warning icons to the left

	of the taxon name and lines beneath the taxon name in the <strong>Taxon Name</strong>

	panel. Hovering over a warning icon with the mouse arrow will reveal a

	more detailed messages (the messages shown below are examples). The

	colours of the icons are also indications of the type of warning. There

	are three possible parsing states:</p>

<h2>Parts of the Taxonomic Editor</h2>

<p>This section gives a brief overview of the main sections of the Taxonomic Editor and some of the terminology you will need to be familiar with.</p>

<p>The first time you open the Taxonomic Editor you will see it is divided  into three columns with a tool bar (1) running across the top. Data entry and data navigation panels and tabs can be arranged as you wish within the workspace. The figure below shows the default panel and tabs layout for the taxonomic perspective (See section 4.2.3 Customising Views of the Taxonomic Editor page 40 for an explanation of perspectives).</p>

<p>

Left hand column:  Taxon Navigator panel (2)<br/>

Middle column: Taxon name panel (3), Descriptive panel (4) and Media panel (5)<br/>

Right hand column: Descriptive Panel (6) and Supplemental Data panel (7)

</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p>The different parts of the Taxonomic Editor are outlined below. To view those which are not shown in the default view see section 4.2 The Show View Menu page 41.</p>

<dl>

	<dt>A/ The Toolbar (1) </dt>

		<dd>contains a search bar to search within your data set and the Menus (see 3.2 The Menus below for a list of menus available and their functions).</dd>

	<dt>B/ The Taxon Navigator panel (2)</dt>

		<dd>provides a hierarchical representation of the relationships between the taxa within your dataset.</dd>

	<dt>C/ The Taxon Name panel (3)</dt>

		<dd>This panel contains a tab for each open taxon. Information entered here will be parsed directly and displayed in the taxon details panel .</dd>

	<dt>D/ Taxon Data Panels</dt>

		<dd>There are four different taxon data panels where data types can be selected and added for Descriptive(4), Supplemental (6), Media (5) and Polytomous keys (not shown – not yet functional). When an item in a pane associated with one of these tabs is selected the data associated with the selection will be displayed and can be edited in the details panel (6).</dd>

	<dt>E/ The Details Panel (6)</dt>

		<dd>The contents displayed in this panel will vary depending upon the selections in the other panels. When a taxon is currently selected this panel displays the parsed taxon details. When an element in a Taxon data panel is selected then the details of the selected item are displayed here.  When the bulk  editor is activated the edit controls for the bulk editor will also be displayed in this panel</dd>

	<dt>F/ Management Panels</dt>

		<dd>There are 4 database management panels, none of which open in the default view.<br/>

			The Datasource panel shows which datasource, or database, the Taxonomic Editor is currently connected to. You can connect or delete connections to different datasources or create a new datasource.

			<p>The User Manager panel will be used to view, edit, create or delete user accounts in order to track changes to your data, for example “Created By” and “Updated By”; it is not yet operational.</p>

			<p>Messages - experimental feature, not yet fully functional.<br/>

			Reporting - experimental feature, not yet fully functional.</p>

		</dd>

</dl>

<p>For more information on customising the layout of the editor refer to section 4 of this manual.</p>

<h2>Removing the Taxonomic Editor</h2>

<p>To remove the Taxonomic Editor from your system, locate the folder in which the taxonomic editor.exe file is stored on your system and simply delete the folder. If you cannot find the folder and you are on a windows platform and have created a desktop shortcut to the Editor you can determine the path to the folder by looking at the properties of the shortcut. Do this by right clicking on the shortcut and selecting the properties option from the drop down menu.  In the Shortcut tab of the properties window look in the 'Target field' this will reveal the location of the taxonomic editor.</p>

<p>Navigate to the Taxonomic Editor folder and delete it by simply clicking once on the folder and pressing the Delete button on the keyboard. A pop-up box will appear asking "do you really want to delete this folder"; press Return on the keyboard to confirm.</p>

<p>You will also need to delete the <code>.cdmLibrary</code> folder where your local data is stored. The exact location of this folder will depend on your computer system. In order to locate it, run a system search as detailed for different operating systems.</p>

<h3>Searching for a Taxon Record</h3>

<p>If you want to open a taxon record in the <strong>Taxon Name</strong> panel but you do not know its location in the <strong>Taxon Navigator</strong>, you can search for the taxon using the <strong>search bar</strong> at the top of the <strong>Taxonomic Editor</strong> window:</p>

<ol>

	<li>Click in the search bar.</li>

	<li>Enter a search term – this can be the full taxon name or you can use the wildcard asterisk (e.g. Des*, *halteralis, *halt* could all be used to search for Desmometopa halteralis). Please note the search is case sensitive so you must use a capital letter where appropriate.</li>

	<li>Press <strong>Return</strong> on the keyboard.</li>

</ol>

<p>The search results will appear as a new panel as shown below. Taxon records can be double-clicked to open their records in the Taxon Name panel.</p>

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

Also in the search results are the types of taxa that you have included in your search. For example, the search above included Taxa, Synonyms, Names (without taxa) and Common Names:

<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

Should you want to limit the search results to one or a sub-set of these options, you can do so by selecting and/or deselecting your search criteria using the drop-down menu to the right of the Search bar. Simply click the arrow icon to reveal the drop-down menu, and click on the available criteria. If the criterion is included in searches there will be a tick icon to its left.

<p>All criteria will be included in searches<img src="" alt="" /></p> 

<p>Only (accepted) Taxa and Synonyms will be included in searches<img src="" alt="" /></p>

<p><strong>Tip!</strong> If your search results do not show any taxa but you know there should be matches within your dataset, make sure that the search criteria are selected. If they are ALL deselected you searches will be unsuccessful.</p>

<h1>Setting up the Taxonomic Editor</h1>

<p>This sections tells you how to:

	<ol>

		<li>Download and install the Taxonomic Editor for the first time.</li>

		<li>Create a desktop shortcut</li>

		<li>Install updates of previously installed features</li>

		<li>Search and install new features</li>

		<li>Remove the Taxonomic Editor</li>

		<li>Ensure that Unicode characters such as x and x are visible</li>

	</ol>

</p>

<h3>Show/Hide Options of Drop-Down Menus</h3>

<p>Some taxonomic and descriptive elements of the Properties Sheet have numerous options, as is the nature of taxonomy, for example there are 19 options to describe the Distribution Status of a taxon. You may find that you only need to use a sub-set of these options.</p>

<p>From the <strong>Preferences</strong> menu you can show or hide the options in certain drop-down boxes; this will reduce navigation time required to find your desired option.</p>

<p>Options can be amended for the following fields:</p>

<ul>

	<li><strong>Taxonomic Editor</strong>

		<ul>

			<li><strong>Bulk Editor</strong></li>

			<li><strong>Description</strong>

				<ul>

					<li><strong>Distribution Status:</strong> for example "introduced: cultivated", "introduced: naturalised".</li>

					<li><strong>Features:</strong> the features you would like to include in your taxon descriptions, for example “common name”, “distribution” and “ecology”.</li>

					<li><strong>Named Area Type:</strong>  for example "natural area"</li>

					<li><strong>Preservation method:</strong>  not yet functional.</li>

					<li><strong>Stage:</strong> not yet functional.</li>

					<li><strong>Extension types:</strong> the types for the section ‘extensions’ in the supplemental data view for example “abbreviation “, “order”.</li>

					<li><strong>Language:</strong> languages available for common name field</li>

					<li><strong>Marker types:</strong> the types for the section ‘extensions’ in the supplemental data view for example “complete”, “to be checked”.</li>

					<li><strong>Matching:</strong> Experimental feature, not yet fully functional.</li>

					<li><strong>Taxonomic:</strong> Name Relationships Type: for example “misspelling for”, “basionym for”.</li>

					<li><strong>Name Type Designation Status:</strong> for example “monotypy”, “present designation”</li>

					<li><strong>Nomenclatural Code:</strong> ICBN or ICZN.</li>

					<li><strong>Nomenclatural Status Type:</strong> for example “invalid”, “conserved”.</li>

					<li><strong>Ranks:</strong> for example "cultivar", "tribe".</li>

					<li><strong>Specimen Type Designation Status:</strong> for example "epitype", "holotype".</li>

					<li><strong>Taxon Relationship Type:</strong> for example "overlaps", "excludes".</li>

				</ul>

			</li>

		</ul>

	</li>

</ul> 

<p>To amend the options that are shown in the drop-down boxes in the above data fields, open the <strong>Preferences</strong> pop-up box (<strong>Toolbar > Window menu</strong> > <strong>Preferences</strong> option). The Preferences pop-up will open.</p>

<ol>

	<li>The menus given above are located in the Taxonomic Editor option in the menu. They can be accessed by expanding the Taxonomic Editor menu by clicking on the arrow icon:

		<p><img src="" alt="" /></p>

	</li>

	<li>Click on the data field you would like to change from the menu on the left hand side of the pop-up. The existing options associated with the drop-down list for that data field will appear in the main panel of the Preferences pop-up box. By default, all of the options will be selected. Use the scroll bar to the right of the options list to navigate the list.</li>