EDIT

// $Id$

/**

 * Copyright (C) 2007 EDIT

 * European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy

 * http://www.e-taxonomy.eu

 *

 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version 1.1

 * See LICENSE.TXT at the top of this package for the full license terms.

 */

package eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.description;

import java.io.PrintStream;

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.FetchType;

import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;

import javax.persistence.JoinTable;

import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;

import javax.persistence.OneToOne;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElementWrapper;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlIDREF;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchemaType;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;

import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;

import org.hibernate.envers.Audited;

import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Indexed;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.common.CdmUtils;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.common.DefinedTerm;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.common.IdentifiableEntity;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.common.Language;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.location.NamedArea;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.occurrence.SpecimenOrObservationBase;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.taxon.Taxon;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.strategy.cache.description.PolytomousKeyDefaultCacheStrategy;

import eu.etaxonomy.cdm.strategy.generate.PolytomousKeyGenerator;

/**

 * This class represents a fixed single-access key (dichotomous or

 * polytomous) used to identify (assign a {@link Taxon taxon} to) a {@link SpecimenOrObservationBase

 * specimen or observation}. The key may be written manually or may be generated automatically

 * e.g. by the {@link PolytomousKeyGenerator}. The different paths to the taxa are expressed

 * by a decision graph consisting of {@link PolytomousKeyNode

 * PolytomousKeyNodes}. The root node of such graph is accessible by

 * {@link #getRoot()}. Refer to {@link PolytomousKeyNode} for detailed

 * documentation on the decision graph structure.

 *

 * @author h.fradin

 * @created 13.08.2009

 *

 * @author a.mueller

 * @version 2.0 (08.11.2010)

 */

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)

@XmlType(name = "PolytomousKey", propOrder = {

        "coveredTaxa",

        "taxonomicScope",

        "geographicalScope",

        "scopeRestrictions",

        "root",

        "startNumber"})

@XmlRootElement(name = "PolytomousKey")

@Entity

@Indexed(index = "eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.description.PolytomousKey")

@Audited

public class PolytomousKey extends IdentifiableEntity<PolytomousKeyDefaultCacheStrategy> implements IIdentificationKey {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -3368243754557343942L;

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PolytomousKey.class);

    @XmlElementWrapper(name = "CoveredTaxa")

    @XmlElement(name = "CoveredTaxon")

    @XmlIDREF

    @XmlSchemaType(name = "IDREF")

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

    @NotNull

    @Cascade({CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE, CascadeType.MERGE})

    private Set<Taxon> coveredTaxa = new HashSet<Taxon>();

    @XmlElementWrapper(name = "TaxonomicScope")

    @XmlElement(name = "Taxon")

    @XmlIDREF

    @XmlSchemaType(name = "IDREF")

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

    @JoinTable(name = "PolytomousKey_Taxon", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "polytomousKey_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "taxon_id"))

    @NotNull

    @Cascade({CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE, CascadeType.MERGE})

    private Set<Taxon> taxonomicScope = new HashSet<Taxon>();

    @XmlElementWrapper(name = "GeographicalScope")

    @XmlElement(name = "Area")

    @XmlIDREF

    @XmlSchemaType(name = "IDREF")

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

    @JoinTable(name = "PolytomousKey_NamedArea")

    @NotNull

    @Cascade({CascadeType.MERGE})

    private Set<NamedArea> geographicalScope = new HashSet<NamedArea>();

    @XmlElementWrapper(name = "ScopeRestrictions")

    @XmlElement(name = "Restriction")

    @XmlIDREF

    @XmlSchemaType(name = "IDREF")

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

    @JoinTable(name = "PolytomousKey_Scope")

    @NotNull

    @Cascade({CascadeType.MERGE})

    private Set<DefinedTerm> scopeRestrictions = new HashSet<DefinedTerm>();

    @XmlElement(name = "Root")

    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

    @Cascade({ CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE, CascadeType.MERGE })

    private PolytomousKeyNode root;

    @XmlElement(name = "StartNumber")

    private int startNumber = 1;

// ***************** STATIC METHODS ********************************/

    /**

     * Creates a new empty identification multi-access key instance.

     */

    public static PolytomousKey NewInstance() {

        return new PolytomousKey();

    }

    /**

     * Creates a new empty identification polytomous key instance.

     */

    public static PolytomousKey NewTitledInstance(String title) {

        PolytomousKey result = new PolytomousKey();

        result.setTitleCache(title, true);

        return result;

    }

// ************************** CONSTRUCTOR ************************/

    /**

     * Class constructor: creates a new empty multi-access key instance.

     */

    protected PolytomousKey() {

        super();

        root = PolytomousKeyNode.NewInstance();

        root.setNodeNumber(getStartNumber());

        root.setKey(this);

        this.cacheStrategy = PolytomousKeyDefaultCacheStrategy.NewInstance();

    }

    // ************************ GETTER/ SETTER

    /**

     * Returns the topmost {@link PolytomousKeyNode polytomous key node} (root

     * node) of <i>this</i> polytomous key. The root node does not have any

     * parent. Since polytomous key nodes recursively point to their child nodes

     * the complete polytomous key is defined by its root node.

     */

    public PolytomousKeyNode getRoot() {

        return root;

    }

    /**

     * This method should be used by Hibernate only. If we want to make this

     * method public we have to think about biderionality and also what should

     * happen with the old root node.

     *

     * @see #getRoot()

     */

    public void setRoot(PolytomousKeyNode root) {

        this.root = root;

        if (root != null){

            root.setKey(this);

        }

    }

    /**

     * Returns the set of possible {@link Taxon taxa} corresponding to

     * <i>this</i> identification key.

     */

    @Override

    public Set<Taxon> getCoveredTaxa() {

        if (coveredTaxa == null) {

            this.coveredTaxa = new HashSet<Taxon>();

        }

        return coveredTaxa;

    }

    /**

     * @see #getCoveredTaxa()

     */

    protected void setCoveredTaxa(Set<Taxon> coveredTaxa) {

        this.coveredTaxa = coveredTaxa;

    }

    /**

     * Adds a {@link Taxon taxa} to the set of {@link #getCoveredTaxa() covered

     * taxa} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param taxon

     *            the taxon to be added to <i>this</i> identification key

     * @see #getCoveredTaxa()

     */

    @Override

    public void addCoveredTaxon(Taxon taxon) {

        this.coveredTaxa.add(taxon);

    }

    /**

     * Removes one element from the set of {@link #getCoveredTaxa() covered

     * taxa} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param taxon

     *            the taxon which should be removed

     * @see #getCoveredTaxa()

     * @see #addCoveredTaxon(Taxon)

     */

    @Override

    public void removeCoveredTaxon(Taxon taxon) {

        this.coveredTaxa.remove(taxon);

    }

    /**

     * Returns the set of {@link NamedArea named areas} indicating the

     * geospatial data where <i>this</i> identification key is valid.

     */

    @Override

    public Set<NamedArea> getGeographicalScope() {

        if (geographicalScope == null) {

            this.geographicalScope = new HashSet<NamedArea>();

        }

        return geographicalScope;

    }

    /**

     * Adds a {@link NamedArea geoScope} to the set of {@link #getGeoScopes()

     * geogspatial scopes} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param geoScope

     *            the named area to be added to <i>this</i> identification key

     * @see #getGeoScopes()

     */

    @Override

    public void addGeographicalScope(NamedArea geoScope) {

        this.geographicalScope.add(geoScope);

    }

    /**

     * Removes one element from the set of {@link #getGeoScopes() geogspatial

     * scopes} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param geoScope

     *            the named area which should be removed

     * @see #getGeoScopes()

     * @see #addGeoScope(NamedArea)

     */

    @Override

    public void removeGeographicalScope(NamedArea geoScope) {

        this.geographicalScope.remove(geoScope);

    }

    /**

     * Returns the set of {@link Taxon taxa} that define the taxonomic scope of

     * <i>this</i> identification key

     */

    @Override

    public Set<Taxon> getTaxonomicScope() {

        if (taxonomicScope == null) {

            this.taxonomicScope = new HashSet<Taxon>();

        }

        return taxonomicScope;

    }

    /**

     * Adds a {@link Taxon taxa} to the set of {@link #getTaxonomicScope()

     * taxonomic scopes} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param taxon

     *            the taxon to be added to <i>this</i> identification key

     * @see #getTaxonomicScope()

     */

    @Override

    public void addTaxonomicScope(Taxon taxon) {

        this.taxonomicScope.add(taxon);

    }

    /**

     * Removes one element from the set of {@link #getTaxonomicScope() taxonomic

     * scopes} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param taxon

     *            the taxon which should be removed

     * @see #getTaxonomicScope()

     * @see #addTaxonomicScope(Taxon)

     */

    @Override

    public void removeTaxonomicScope(Taxon taxon) {

        this.taxonomicScope.remove(taxon);

    }

    /**

     * Returns the set of {@link Scope scope restrictions} corresponding to

     * <i>this</i> identification key

     */

    @Override

    public Set<DefinedTerm> getScopeRestrictions() {

        if (scopeRestrictions == null) {

            this.scopeRestrictions = new HashSet<DefinedTerm>();

        }

        return scopeRestrictions;

    }

    /**

     * Adds a {@link Scope scope restriction} to the set of

     * {@link #getScopeRestrictions() scope restrictions} corresponding to

     * <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param scopeRestriction

     *            the scope restriction to be added to <i>this</i>

     *            identification key

     * @see #getScopeRestrictions()

     */

    @Override

    public void addScopeRestriction(DefinedTerm scopeRestriction) {

        this.scopeRestrictions.add(scopeRestriction);

    }

    /**

     * Removes one element from the set of {@link #getScopeRestrictions() scope

     * restrictions} corresponding to <i>this</i> identification key.

     *

     * @param scopeRestriction

     *            the scope restriction which should be removed

     * @see #getScopeRestrictions()

     * @see #addScopeRestriction(Scope)

     */

    @Override

    public void removeScopeRestriction(DefinedTerm scopeRestriction) {

        this.scopeRestrictions.remove(scopeRestriction);

    }

    /**

     * The first number for the automated numbering of {@link PolytomousKeyNode key nodes}.

     * Default value is 1.

     * @return

     */

    public int getStartNumber() {

        return startNumber;

    }

    /**

     * @see #getStartNumber()

     * @param startNumber

     */

    public void setStartNumber(int startNumber) {

        this.startNumber = startNumber;

    }

    // ******************** toString *****************************************/

    private class IntegerObject {

        int number = 0;

        int inc() {

            return number++;

        };

        @Override

        public String toString() {

            return String.valueOf(number);

        }

    }

    public String print(PrintStream stream) {

        String title = this.getTitleCache() + "\n";

        String strPrint = title;

        if (stream != null) {

            stream.print(title);

        }

        PolytomousKeyNode root = this.getRoot();

        strPrint += printNode(root, null, "  ", stream);

        return strPrint;

    }

    /**

     * TODO this is a preliminary implementation

     *

     * @param node

     * @param identation

     * @param no

     * @param myNumber

     * @param stream

     * @return

     */

    private String printNode(PolytomousKeyNode node, PolytomousKeyNode parent2,

            String identation, PrintStream stream) {

        String separator = ", ";

        String result = identation + node.getNodeNumber() + ". ";

        if (node != null) {

            // key choice

            String question = null;

            String feature = null;

            if (node.getQuestion() != null) {

                question = node.getQuestion().getLabelText(Language.DEFAULT());

            }

            if (node.getFeature() != null) {

                feature = node.getFeature().getLabel(Language.DEFAULT());

            }

            result += CdmUtils.concat(" - ", question, feature) + "\n";

            ;

            // Leads

            char nextCounter = 'a';

            for (PolytomousKeyNode child : node.getChildren()) {

                String leadNumber = String.valueOf(nextCounter++);

                if (child.getStatement() != null) {

                    String statement = child.getStatement().getLabelText(

                            Language.DEFAULT());

                    result += identation + "  " + leadNumber + ") "

                            + (statement == null ? "" : (statement));

                    result += " ... ";

                    // child node

                    if (!child.isLeaf()) {

                        result += child.getNodeNumber() + separator;

                    }

                    // taxon

                    if (child.getTaxon() != null) {

                        String strTaxon = "";

                        if (child.getTaxon().getName() != null) {

                            strTaxon = child.getTaxon().getName()

                                    .getTitleCache();

                        } else {

                            strTaxon = child.getTaxon().getTitleCache();

                        }

                        result += strTaxon + separator;

                    }

                    // subkey

                    if (child.getSubkey() != null) {

                        String subkey = child.getSubkey().getTitleCache();

                        result += subkey + separator;

                    }

                    // other node

                    if (child.getOtherNode() != null) {

                        PolytomousKeyNode otherNode = child.getOtherNode();

                        String otherNodeString = null;

                        if (child.getKey().equals(otherNode.getKey())) {

                            otherNodeString = String.valueOf(otherNode

                                    .getNodeNumber());

                        } else {

                            otherNodeString = otherNode.getKey() + " "

                                    + otherNode.getNodeNumber();

                        }

                        result += otherNodeString + separator;

                    }

                    result = StringUtils.chomp(result, separator);

                    result += "\n";

                }

            }

            if (stream != null) {

                stream.print(result);

            }

            for (PolytomousKeyNode child : node.getChildren()) {

                if (!child.isLeaf()) {

                    result += printNode(child, node, identation + "", stream);

                }

            }

        }

        return result;

    }

    //

    // public List<PolytomousKeyNode> getChildren() {

    // return getRoot().getChildren();

    // }

    // *********************** CLONE ************************************/

    /**

     * Clones <i>this</i> PolytomousKey. This is a shortcut that enables to

     * create a new instance that differs only slightly from <i>this</i>

     * PolytomousKey by modifying only some of the attributes.

     *

     * @see eu.etaxonomy.cdm.model.common.IdentifiableEntity#clone()

     * @see java.lang.Object#clone()

     */

    @Override

    public Object clone() {

        PolytomousKey result;

        try {

            result = (PolytomousKey) super.clone();

            result.coveredTaxa = new HashSet<Taxon>();

            for (Taxon taxon : this.coveredTaxa) {

                result.addCoveredTaxon(taxon);

            }

            result.geographicalScope = new HashSet<NamedArea>();

            for (NamedArea area : this.geographicalScope) {

                result.addGeographicalScope(area);

            }

            result.root = (PolytomousKeyNode) this.root.clone();

            result.scopeRestrictions = new HashSet<DefinedTerm>();

            for (DefinedTerm scope : this.scopeRestrictions) {

                result.addScopeRestriction(scope);

            }

            result.taxonomicScope = new HashSet<Taxon>();

            for (Taxon taxon : this.taxonomicScope) {

                result.addTaxonomicScope(taxon);

            }

            return result;

        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {

            logger.warn("Object does not implement cloneable");

            e.printStackTrace();

            return null;

        }

    }

}