1
<taxonx xmlns:
dc=
"http://digir.net/schema/conceptual/darwin/core/2.0" xmlns:
mods=
"http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:
xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
5 <mods:title>The Rattans of Brunei Darussalam
</mods:title>
7 <mods:name>Dransfield, J.
</mods:name>
9 <mods:dateIssued>1997</mods:dateIssued>
10 <mods:publisher>Ministry of Industry and primary Resources, Brunei Darussalam
</mods:publisher>
15 <treatment type=
"species">
17 <name>Calamus pogonacanthus
</name>
18 <author>Becc. ex H. Winkl.
</author>
19 <citation>H. Winkler in Engl. Bot. Jahrb.
48:
91 (
1912)
</citation>
20 <bibref>Becc., Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta
11 (Suppl.):
106 (
1913)
</bibref>
21 <bibref>Dransfield, Ratt. Sabah
113 (
1984)
</bibref>
22 <bibref>Dransfield, Ratt. Sarawak
111 (
1992)
</bibref>
24 <div type=
"introduction"></div>
25 <div type=
"etymology"><lang>Greek
</lang> - bearded spines
</div>
26 <div type=
"vernacular">Uwai Taut (Dus.), Wi Tut (Ib.)
</div>
27 <div type=
"description">Clustering moderate very variable rattan climbing to
30 m or more; stem without sheaths to
15 mm diam., with sheaths to
25 mm diam., internodes to
30 cm. Sheaths dull to bright green, covered with deciduous brown scales and scattered spines with concave bases and black hairy margins, the spines varying from
2-
30 mm on the same sheath or, more often, rather uniform,
10-
25 mm; knee conspicuous; ocrea inconspicuous, to
5 mm with few small spines. Vestigial flagellum present, erect, to
30 cm. Leaf cirrate, to
2 m long, including the short petiole to
10 cm and the cirrus to
80 cm, cirrus bearing scattered rather than neatly grouped spines; leaflets c.
20-
25 on each side of the rachis, irregularly arranged, usually subregular near the base and grouped in
3&rsquo;s or
4&rsquo;s near the cirrus, rarely
± regular throughout, the longest to
40 × 2 cm, armed with scattered bristles along the main veins on both surfaces. Inflorescences superficially similar, to c.
1.5 m with up to
8 lax partial inflorescences arranged rather regularly; main bracts tubular, armed with scattered spines, scarcely splitting; male rachilla to
30 × 3 mm, female to
150 × 4 mm; bracts and bracteoles dull dirty brown. Mature fruit spherical or somewhat depressed, to
8 × 10 mm, tipped with a beak to
1.5 × 1.5 mm and covered with
24 vertical rows of pale straw-coloured scales; seed c.
8 mm diam.; endosperm deeply ruminate. Seedling leaf bifid. (Fig.
39.).
</div>
28 <div type=
"distribution">Widespread throughout Brunei and the rest of Borneo; endemic.
</div>
29 <div type=
"biology_ecology"></div>
30 <div type=
"conservation"></div>
31 <div type=
"uses">Produces a good quality cane which is used locally when rotan sega (Calamus optimus) is unavailable.
</div>
32 <div type=
"discussion">C. pogonacanthus is widespread both in the lowlands and uplands up to
900 m elevation, often favouring river banks and slightly disturbed sites. This is a very variable species, particularly in the arrangement of the leaflets and the degree of armature of the sheaths; the presence of a vestigial flagellum together with the only slightly tattering inflorescence bracts will serve to identify it, but sterile, its moderate size and coarse irregular leaflets will indicate C. pogonacanthus rather than C. semoi. the taxonomy of the group of Calamus spp with vestigial flagella is still very poorly understood and requires more careful observations of variation in the field - see also comments under C. semoi.
</div>
33 <div type=
"materials_examined">BEL: Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Sands
5918. TEM: Amo, Ashton A
286; Amo, Stockdale
18; Amo, Bt.Retak, Wong
903; Amo, K.Belalong, Dransfield J.
6657; Amo, K.Belalong, Wong
265; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale
50; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J.
7363. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J.
6893; Lamunin, Dransfield J.
6809; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein
32. Without prov.: BRUN
15125.
</div>
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