EDIT

<taxonx xmlns:dc="http://digir.net/schema/conceptual/darwin/core/2.0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

<taxonxHeader>

<mods:mods>

<mods:titleInfo><mods:title>The Rattans of Brunei Darussalam</mods:title></mods:titleInfo>

<mods:name>

<mods:namePart type="family">Dransfield</mods:namePart>

<mods:namePart type="given">J.</mods:namePart>

</mods:name>

<mods:originInfo><mods:dateIssued>1997</mods:dateIssued>

<mods:publisher>Ministry of Industry and primary Resources, Brunei Darussalam</mods:publisher>

</mods:originInfo>

</mods:mods>

</taxonxHeader>

<taxonxBody>

<treatment rank="species">

<nomenclature>

<name>Plectocomia mulleri</name>

<author>Bl.</author>

<citation>Rumphia 3: 71 (1847)</citation>

<bibref>Beccari, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 12(2): 30 (1918)</bibref>

<bibref>Dransfield, Man. Ratt. Malay Pen. 59 (1979</bibref>

<bibref>Dransfield, Ratt. Sabah 34 (1984)</bibref>

<bibref>Dransfield, Ratt. Sarawak 216 (1992)</bibref>

<bibref>Madulid, Kalikasan 10: 55 (1981)</bibref>

<synonymy>

<name>Plectocomia minor</name>

<author>Ridl.</author>

<bibref>Ridl., J. Roy. Asiatic Soc. Str. Br. 50: 151(1908)</bibref>

</synonymy>

</nomenclature>

<div type="introduction"><p></p></div>

<div type="etymology"><p>Salomon Muller, early German collector in S Borneo</p></div>

<div type="vernacular"><p>Uwai Semerangan (Dus.), Wi Tibu (Ib.)</p></div>

<div type="description"><p>Solitary or clustered moderate to robust rattan climbing to 30 m or more; stem without sheaths 2-10 cm diam., with sheaths 3-15 cm diam. (rarely even more), internodes to c. 30 cm long. Sheaths without knee, bright green armed with rather close full or partial whorls of brown spines to 2 cm, the spines united by their bases to form collars, buff indumentum abundant on newly emerged sheaths. Leaves very variable, 2-7 m including the cirrus (1-3.5 m) and petiole 10-20 cm; leaflets to 35 on each side of the rachis, arranged irregularly in groups of 2-5, fanned within groups, the longest to c. 40 &#215; 3.5 cm, dark green on the upper surface, same colour beneath except in populations in kerangas where usually chalky-white beneath. Inflorescences produced simultaneously from up to 32 nodes in male, usually fewer in the female. Male inflorescence longer than the female, to 1 m with up to 40 pendulous branches to 30 cm; bracts to 2 &#215; 1.5 cm, truncate with short triangular tip, subtending 60-100 flowers. Female inflorescence to c. 40 cm, bearing c. 6 pendulous branches to 50 cm; bracts to 3.5 &#215; 2 cm, truncate with short triangular tip, subtending 2-4 flowers. Mature fruit &#177; rounded, 2-3 cm diam., tipped by stigmatic remains and covered in c. 65 vertical rows of fimbriate chestnut brown scales. Seed c. 1.5 cm diam. Seedling leaf lanceolate, undivided. (Fig. 82, Pl. 15C, 15D).</p></div>

<div type="distribution"><p>Widespread on poor soils at altitudes up to 920 m above sea level. Elsewhere throughout Borneo; also in Peninsular Malaysia.</p></div>

<div type="biology_ecology"><p></p></div>

<div type="conservation"><p></p></div>

<div type="uses"><p>See notes under genus.</p></div>

<div type="discussion"><p>Plectocomia mulleri is particularly abundant in forest on poor soils, especially where the forest has been disturbed. It is very characteristic of some facies of kerangas. In Borneo it ranges from the lowlands up to c. 1,400 m above sea level. It is very variable, so much so that extremes look remarkably different from each other. The leaflets vary from being concolorous to strongly discolorous, but even those individuals which appear concolorous carry indumentum on the lower surface of the leaves at the shoot tips. Individuals on extreme kerangas soils have small narrow leathery dark green leaflets, densely chalky white beneath. However, flowers and fruit characters link all these populations together as one variable species.</p></div>

<div type="materials_examined"><p>TEM: Amo, Bt.Belalong, Dransfield J. 7211.TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 246.</p></div>

</treatment>

</taxonxBody>

</taxonx>