EDIT

    case 'TextualTypeDesignation':

    case 'SpecimenTypeDesignation':

    case 'NameTypeDesignation':

      $ws_base_uri = CDM_WS_TYPEDESIGNATION;

      break;

define('CDM_WS_TYPEDESIGNATION', 'typedesignation/$0');

define('CDM_WS_PORTAL_TYPEDESIGNATION', 'portal/typedesignation/$0');

    // annotations footnotes separate.

    $annotations_and_sources['foot_note_keys'] = theme('cdm_annotations_as_footnotekeys',

      array(

        'cdmBase_list' => $entity,

        'footnote_list_key' => $footnote_list_key_suggestion,

      )

    );

        $annotations_and_sources['foot_note_keys'] .= cdm_create_footnotes(

        $annotations_and_sources['foot_note_keys'] .= cdm_create_description_element_footnotes(

      $type_designation = cdm_ws_get(CDM_WS_TYPEDESIGNATION, array($name_type->uuid, 'preferredUri'));

      $type_designation = cdm_ws_get(CDM_WS_PORTAL_TYPEDESIGNATION, array($specimen_type->uuid));

  $name_type_designations = array();

  $textual_type_designations = array();

    switch ($type_designation->class) {

      case 'SpecimenTypeDesignation':

        $specimen_type_designations[] = $type_designation;

        break;

      case 'NameTypeDesignation':

        $name_type_designations[] = $type_designation;

        break;

      case 'TextualTypeDesignation':

        $textual_type_designations[] = $type_designation;

        break;

      default:  throw new Exception('Unknown type designation class');

  }

  // NameTypeDesignation ..................................

  if(!empty($name_type_designations)){

    uksort($name_type_designations, "compare_type_designation_status");

    foreach($name_type_designations as $name_type_designation){

      if ($name_type_designation->notDesignated) {

        $out .= '<'. $element_tag .' class="' . html_class_attribute_ref($name_type_designation) . '">' .  type_designation_status_label_markup($name_type_designation)  . ': '

          . t('not designated') . '</'. $element_tag .'>';

      elseif ($name_type_designation->typeName) {

        $link_to_name_page = url(path_to_name($name_type_designation->typeName->uuid));

        $out .= '<'. $element_tag .' class="' . html_class_attribute_ref($name_type_designation) . '">' .  type_designation_status_label_markup($name_type_designation) ;

        if ($name_type_designation->citation) {

          $out .= type_designation_citation_layout($name_type_designation, $separator); // TODO type_designation_citation_layout() needs most probably to be replaced

        if (isset($name_type_designation->typeName->nomenclaturalReference)) {

          $referenceUri = url(path_to_reference($name_type_designation->typeName->nomenclaturalReference->uuid));

        $out .= ': ' . render_taxon_or_name($name_type_designation->typeName, $link_to_name_page, $referenceUri, TRUE, TRUE);

  } // END NameTypeDesignation

  // SpecimenTypeDesignation ...................................

    foreach ($specimen_type_designations as $specimen_type_designation) {

      $type_citation_markup = '';

      if (!empty($specimen_type_designation->citation)) {

        $citation_footnote_str = theme('cdm_reference', array('reference' => $specimen_type_designation->citation, 'doIconLink' => true));

        $author_team = cdm_ws_get(CDM_WS_REFERENCE_AUTHORTEAM, $specimen_type_designation->citation->uuid);

          $year = @timePeriodToString($specimen_type_designation->citation->datePublished, true, 'YYYY');

          if ($authorteam_str == $specimen_type_designation->citation->titleCache) {

        // for being registered a typedesignation MUST HAVE a citation, so it is save to handle the

        $registration_markup = render_registrations($specimen_type_designation->registrations);

        $type_citation_markup .= '&nbsp;(' . t('designated by') . '&nbsp;<span class="typeReference">' . $authorteam_str . '</span>';

        if (!empty($specimen_type_designation->citationMicroReference)) {

          $type_citation_markup .= ': ' . trim($specimen_type_designation->citationMicroReference);

        $type_citation_markup .= $footnote_key_markup . ')';

      $out .= '<'. $element_tag .' class="' . html_class_attribute_ref($specimen_type_designation) . '">';

      $out .= type_designation_status_label_markup($specimen_type_designation) . $type_citation_markup;

      if (isset($specimen_type_designation->typeSpecimen)) {

        $derivedUnitFacadeInstance = cdm_ws_get(CDM_WS_DERIVEDUNIT_FACADE, $specimen_type_designation->typeSpecimen->uuid);

          $specimen_markup = str_replace($derivedUnitFacadeInstance->specimenLabel, l($derivedUnitFacadeInstance->specimenLabel, path_to_specimen($specimen_type_designation->typeSpecimen->uuid)), $specimen_markup);

        $out .= ': <span class="' . html_class_attribute_ref($specimen_type_designation->typeSpecimen) . '">'

  } // END Specimen type designations

  // TextualTypeDesignation .........................

  if(!empty($textual_type_designations)) {

    foreach ($textual_type_designations as $textual_type_designation) {

      $encasement =  $textual_type_designation->verbatim ? '"' : '';

      $out .= '<' . $element_tag . ' class="' . html_class_attribute_ref($textual_type_designation) . '">' . type_designation_status_label_markup(null)

        . ': ' .  $encasement . $textual_type_designation->text_L10n->text . $encasement . '</' . $element_tag . '>';

      $annotations_and_sources = handle_annotations_and_sources(

        $textual_type_designation,

        array(

          'sources_as_content' => false, // as footnotes

          'link_to_name_used_in_source' => false,

          'link_to_reference' => true,

          'add_footnote_keys' => false,

          'bibliography_aware' => false),

      '',

        RenderHints::getFootnoteListKey() // passing a defined key to avoid separate annotation footnote key see https://dev.e-taxonomy.eu/redmine/issues/8543

        );

      $out .= $annotations_and_sources['foot_note_keys'];

        if(is_array( $annotations_and_sources['source_references'])){

          $citation_markup = join(', ', $annotations_and_sources['source_references']);

        }

    }

  // Footnotes for citations, collection acronym?s.

  // footnotes should be rendered in the parent element so we

  // are relying on the FootnoteListKey set there

  $_fkey = FootnoteManager::addNewFootnote(

    RenderHints::getFootnoteListKey(),

    (isset($derivedUnitFacadeInstance->collection->titleCache) ? $derivedUnitFacadeInstance->collection->titleCache : FALSE)

  );

  $out .= theme('cdm_footnote_key', array('footnoteKey' => $_fkey, 'separator' => $separator));

/**

 * Creates markup for the status of a type designation. In case the status or its representation is missing the label will be set to "Type"

 *

 * @param $type_designation

 * @return string

 */

function type_designation_status_label_markup($type_designation)

{

  return '<span class="type-status">'

    . ((isset($type_designation->typeStatus->representation_L10n)) ? $type_designation->typeStatus->representation_L10n : t('Type')) . '</span>'

    ;

}